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Lesson 3 |
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USING �COULD� TO EXPRESS POSSIBILITY |
����Ҫ��� could ��� �͡�ҡ�����ٻʹյ�ͧ can
�����͡��������ö���� �ѧ���ʴ��֧���������ͧ�˵ء�ó����
�������ǡѹ�Ѻ may ���� might
������ҧ��
I�m
unable to call this number right now. It could be a wrong number.
Robin
should apply for this position. She could be chosen.
|
The document |
could might may |
be |
in the drawer. |
|
THE �ING AND �ED ADJECTIVES |
�ӷ��ŧ���´���
�ing��� �ed ��� �͡�ҡ�з�˹�ҷ���繡���������ѧ����ö��˹�ҷ���繤Ӥس�Ѿ��������¤ӹ��
(Adjective) ���蹡ѹ ����ѡ�����ѧ���仹��
�Ӣ��·��ŧ���´��� �ing
���繡�ú����¶֧�ѡɳ����ͤ�������֡�ͧ�ؤ��������觢ͧ��������Դ��������֡����
������ҧ��
I�ve
just finished an interesting article. (interesting = ���ʹ�)
That
roller-coaster ride was really exciting. (exciting =
��ҵ����)
The
boring storyline was the worst part of the film.(boring=
�������)
��ǹ�Ӣ��·��ŧ���´���
�ed ���������¶֧�ؤ��������觢ͧ������Ѻ�Ũҡ��������֡����
������ҧ��
I�m
interested in applying for a job in journalism. (interested
= ����֡ʹ�)
Trying
new things makes me excited. (excited = ����֡�����)
I
had to find something to do because I was bored. (bored= ����֡����)
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INDIRECT SPEECH: SAID + PAST TENSE
�THAT� NOUN CLAUSE |
Speech �դ������µç������ �Ӿٴ ������ѧ��ɹ�����͡�� 2 ������ ��� Direct Speech ����
�Ӿٴ����Դ���㹺�ʹ��� �繡��������÷ҧ�ç ��� Indirect Speech ��� �Ӿٴ���͡����������Ѻ���ա�ʹ˹�� 㹺����¹���С���Ƕ֧ Indirect
Speech ������Ƕ֧�˵ء�ó��ʹյ����ռ�������������
�ç���ҧ����¤��仵�����ҧ�ѧ���
|
DIRECT SPEECH (present tense) |
INDIRECT SPEECH (past tense) |
|
Leticia:
I have
a headache. |
What
did Leticia say? Leticia
said (that) she had a headache. |
|
Adam:
My parents live
in Spain. |
What
did Adam say? Adam
said (that) his parents lived in Spain. |
�ѧࡵ��Ҫ�ͧ�á����觷���иҹ����Ǣ�鹴��µ��ͧ
�����������¹��иҹ�ҡ����ɷ��˹���繺ؤ�ŷ���������
�ٻ����¤������¹仴��������ǡѺ��Ţͧ�ӡ������ǹ�������ѧ
that ���¡��� noun clause
�繻���¤���·�������Ƕ֧�˵ء�ó����Դ���������觷���á�������
��÷ӻ���¤
direct speech ����� indirect speech
�������ǹ����ͧ����¹�ѧ���仹��
1. �ӡ���ҷ��������ٻ
present �е�ͧ����¹����� past
2. ����þ����е�ͧ����¹�����иҹ����������
3. �������
that ���ʴ��֧��觷���� indirect speech
��駹��㹺ҧ��������ö�Ф���� that
�����������¹��������
|
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE: REVIEW |
㹺����¹���С���Ƕ֧�ӡ���ҷ������㹡������������������¹���ٻʹյ
���
past ��� past participle ���� ����Ҫ�ͧ�ͧ��Ъ�ͧ���
����ӴѺ �ӡ��������ҹ��Ѵ����繡������軡�����Фӡ������ǹ�Ë������ٻʹյ��鹨�ŧ���´���
�ed ����������ɹ�������¹�ٻ仨ҡ��������Ҩ���ٻ���
������ҧ��
|
PRESENT |
PAST |
PAST PARTICIPLE |
|
begin |
began |
begun |
|
break |
broke |
broken |
|
build |
built |
built |
|
cost |
cost |
cost |
|
drink |
drank |
drunk |
|
find |
found |
found |
|
freeze |
froze |
frozen |
|
keep |
kept |
kept |
|
lose |
lost |
lost |
|
pay |
paid |
paid |
|
ride |
rode |
ridden |
|
say |
said |
said |
|
shake |
shook |
shaken |
|
sleep |
slept |
slept |
|
stand |
stood |
stood |
|
teach |
taught |
taught |
|
withdraw |
withdrew |
withdrawn |
|
Grammar Exercises Lesson 3 |
Answer the questions. Use could
in your answers.
Example: I
lost my wallet. Have you seen it anywhere? (next to the TV)
It
could be next to the TV.
1. Where
could my students be? It�s already 0845. (in the wrong classroom)
___________________________________________________
2. How
many hours do we have to spend on this course? (10 hours in total)
___________________________________________________
3. Who
is this delivery for? (Capt McMillan)
___________________________________________________
4. Why
hasn�t our teacher graded the test? (busy with other tasks)
___________________________________________________
5. When
is the director�s arrival? (arrive tomorrow afternoon)
____________________________________________________
|
Choose the correct word to complete
each sentence. |
1. Emma
is (frightened, frightening) by the horrible accident she saw.
2. Is
tennis an (excited, exciting) sport?
3. My
classes today were so (interested, interesting) and everyone had fun.
4. Jesse
was (confused, confusing) by his termination letter this morning.
5. Typing
documents all day is really (bored, boring) for an active person.
6. The
students were (puzzled, puzzling) by the new schedule.
7. Some
people say that English is a (confused, confusing) language.
8. I
feel extremely (tired, tiring) after having to run errands all day.
9. My
office has a few positions available. Are you (interested, interesting) in
applying?
10. The
children felt (thrilled, thrilling) that they got to go to a water park.
|
Complete the sentences with indirect
speech. |
Example: Diego: My family comes from Costa Rica.
Diego said (that) his
family came from Costa Rica.
1. Sam
and Dean: We need to fix the car before noon.
Sam and Dean said _____________________________________.
2. Dr.
Hills: Your heart is in a good condition.
Dr. Hills said
__________________________________________.
3. Teacher:
Celine, you are the best student in the class.
Teacher said
__________________________________________.
4. Lt
Locksmith: PO2 Cooper needs to report to me immediately.
Lt Locksmith said
______________________________________.
5. Owen:
The weather looks nice today. I hope it doesn�t rain.
Owen said
___________________________________________.
|
Complete the following sentences with
the correct past participle form of the verbs given in brackets. |
Example: Mrs. Wall has taught (teach) this
subject at this school for twenty years.
1. Can
I borrow your pen? I�ve ______ (lose) mine.
2. Frederic
has _______ (keep) this letter since the day he received it.
3. Your
customer has _______ (break) this glass and he needs to pay for it.
4. Have
you ________ (find) your car keys yet? You said you lost them.
5. This
is the first time Carly has ________ (ride) an elephant.
6. The
students have ________ (begin) their second semester already.
7. The
weather is so cold. I feel like my hands have _______ (freeze).
8. I
feel so tired. I haven�t _______ (sleep) well for days now.
9. The
company has _______ (build) a new branch next to our building.
10. I think your phone has stopped working
because you still haven�t _______ (pay) your bills!
|
Answer Keys Lesson 3 |
|
Answer the questions. Use could in your answers. |
Example:
I lost my wallet. Have you seen it anywhere? (next to the TV)
It
could be next to the TV.
1. Where
could my students be? It�s already 0845. (in the wrong classroom)
They could be in the wrong
classroom.
2. How
many hours do we have to spend on this course? (10 hours in total)
It could be/we could spend 10
hours in total.
3. Who
is this delivery for? (Capt McMillan)
It could be for Capt McMillan
4. Why
hasn�t our teacher graded the test? (busy with other tasks)
She could be busy with other
tasks.
5. When
is the director�s arrival? (arrive tomorrow afternoon)
He could arrive tomorrow
afternoon.
|
Choose the correct word to complete
each sentence. |
1. Emma
is (frightened, frightening) by the horrible accident she saw.
2. Is
tennis an (excited, exciting) sport?
3. My
classes today were so (interested, interesting) and everyone had fun.
4. Jesse
was (confused, confusing) by his new lesson this morning.
5. Typing
documents all day is really (bored, boring) for an active person.
6. The
students were (puzzled, puzzling) by the new schedule.
7. Some
people say that English is a (confused, confusing) language.
8. I
feel extremely (tired, tiring) after having to work all day.
9. My
office has a few positions available. Are you (interested, interesting)
in applying?
10. The
children felt (thrilled, thrilling) that they got to go to a water park.
|
Complete the sentences with indirect
speech. |
Example: Diego: My
family comes from Costa Rica.
Diego said (that) his
family came from Costa Rica.
1. Sam
and Dean: We need to fix the car before noon.
Sam and Dean said (that) they
needed to fix the car before noon.
2. Dr.
Hills: Your heart is in a good condition.
Dr. Hills said (that) my
heart was in a good condition.
3. Teacher:
Celine, you are the best student in the class.
Teacher said (that) Celine
was the best student in the class.
4. Lt
Locksmith: PO2 Cooper needs to report to me immediately.
Lt Locksmith said (that) PO2
Cooper needed to report to him immediately.
5. Owen:
The weather looks nice today. I hope it doesn�t rain.
Owen said (that) the weather
looked nice on that day and he hoped it didn�t rain.
|
Complete the following sentences with
the correct past participle form of the verbs given in brackets. |
Example: Mrs. Wall has taught (teach) this
subject at this school for twenty years.
1. Can
I borrow your pen? I�ve ___lost___ (lose) mine.
2. Frederic
has ___kept____ (keep) this letter since the day he received it.
3. Someone
has __broken__ (break) this glass and they need to pay for it.
4. Have
you ___found___ (find) your car keys yet? You said you lost them.
5. This
is the first time Carly has __ridden__ (ride) an elephant.
6. The
students have __begun___ (begin) their second semester already.
7. The
weather is so cold. I feel like my hands have __frozen__ (freeze).
8. I
feel so tired. I haven�t __slept__ (sleep) well for days now.
9. The
company has __built___ (build) a new branch next to our building.
10. I think your phone has stopped working
because you still haven�t ___paid____ (pay) your bills!